Propelling or bearing screw of variable pitch



E. PERRIN.

-PR'I'IPELLING 0R BEARING SCREW 0F VARIABLE FITCH. A APPLICATION .FILEDIIIAII. I5', |921.l

1,402,646.- I ,Patented Im3,1922.'

2 SHEETS-SHEET I- l! Edna' rd erf-f7 ATmPl/vn E. PERRIN. PROPELLING 0RBEARING SCREWOF VARIABLE FITCH.

l APPLICATION FILED MAR. I5. 192|- 1,402,646. Patented Jan. 3, 1922. Y 2SHEETS-SHEET 2 A NvENm ,anar-( STATES'v PATENT oreilles.'

EDOUARD PERRIN, 0F PARIS, FRANCE PROPELLING OR BEARING SCREW OF VARIABLEFITCH.

To all fwhom t may concern:

Be it known that l, 4EDOUARD PERRIN, a citizen of the Republic ofFrance, and resident of Paris, France, (post-oiiice address 61 AvenueVictor-Emmanuel,) have invented a new and useful Propelling or BearingScrew of Variable Pitch, which apparatus is fully set forth in thefollowing specification.

The present invention relates to screw propellers, and its object,briefly' stated, is the rovision of an improved propeller, the pitch) ofwhose blades may be varied to meet di'eren't or special conditions, andwhich may be utilized for various purposes and for action in conjunctionwith fluids or liquids of di'erent kinds.

According to the invention, the propeller is constructed to comprise aset of main resistance elements which are set along the blades and eachof which may be uninterrupted, said elements being'given an elastictorsion capable of being regulated Within certain limits and bein builtto withstand the strains set up by t e action of centrifugal force whenthe propeller is in motion or by the reactions exerted on the blades bythe luidin which the propeller is moving. The propeller may be employedto develop, under the action of the torque and owing to the reaction ofthe air on the blades, a horizontal traction or thrust effort, avertical lifting action, or an effogt e utilized in a manner similar tothat oi an ordinary water ropeller, or a propeller designed to work 1n aduid other than water;

and it may also be employed either to effect displacement of the iiuidin which it works,

or to utilize the absolute or relative movement of the current of fluidin which it is submerged. rlhe accompanying drawing shows `various formswhich the invention may take in practice, in which drawing:

Figure l is a view of a propeller with two wooden-blades, the upper halfot the figure being in elevation andthe lower halt in section. p Fig. 2shows the main features of Fig. l a plied to a three-bladed propeller,the right-hand half appearing in elevation and the left-hand halt insection.

Fig.' 3 is a view generally similar to Fig. l., but representing afour-bladed propeller. Fig. 4 is a view, half in side elevation andspecification of Letters Patent. Patented "Jan, 3, 1922 Application ledMarch 15, 1921.

Serial No. 452,599.

half in section, of a light, two-bladed allmetal propeller.

"f Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are transverse sections taken, respectively, onlines 5 5, 6-6 and 7 7, Fig; 4.

,In the form shown in Fig. 1, the principal resistance element a isconstructed off yance element or hub, a sliding. disk-like sleeve d' ispreferably employed, which .is provided on its peripheral edge withoppo- `sitely-located inclined or cam-like notches fl 4to engage thefree ends of a set of angular fingers or pins e secured to the branchesof the hub and extending through slots in the arms or branches of sheathc. This sleeve or disk d is additionally provided with a hub portionwhich is keyed to said shaft toenable it to rotate therewith and, at thesame time, to permit the required sliding movementA an which is itselfformed with a circumferentially anged or grooveol free end forengagement by a suitable shifting fork d" operatively connected to alever system Z2 or other actuatin means. rangement is such, there' ore,that when the disk is moved along the propeller shaft, the inclined orcamedges oi its notches f will act on the pins or fingers ein a mannerto push them sidewise, thereby twisting the propeller blades. l

The same structural features are ebodied in the three-bladed propellerreresented in Fig. 2 and, also, in the four-bla ed constructionrepresented in Fig. 3; 'but in the latter construction two resistanceelements aare employed, which are disposed in di'erent planes and eachof which consists of a metal v.

plate or layer, the wooden layers a2 being fastened by pins to theopposite acesor" the .v

metal plates. v ln the construction illustrated in Figs. i

to 7, the resistance element at consists of, twointeritted,substantially U-shaped metal parts or members fastened together byrivets or threaded pins, as best shown vin Fig. 6.

Immediately adjacent the shaft b, however, the cross-sectional shape ofthe two parts or members is changed to that of a hollow half-circle inwhich longitudinal rooves c are formed for the purpose of lncreasmg theflexibility of the element; (see Fig. 5). In this Zone, the lbendingstrains are absorbed by a tube @Z3 which is fitted over the resistanceelement and rigidly related to the same by means of fourtransverselyarranged, clrcular ribs e adapted to turn in said tube.

In order to reduce the weight, speciallyformed ribs i are fastened tothe element a3 bv rivets or screws, and on these ribsare positioned twostamped-metal plates serving n' as the back and the front of the' blade.

Weights g are used, however, for balancing o increase the efficiency, a'metal covering plate-indicated in dotted lines 1n Fig. /l-constructedand fastened in the same way as the blades, could be placed in theextensions of the latter, over the hub of the propeller. The propellershaft b terminates in a sleeve which lits over tube ci".

The pitch variation is effected by the rotation of a sleeve h (Fig. 4),disposed coaxially with the pro eller shaft and .terminatin in two diamerically-opposite slotted brano es or forks which are engaged withcross-pins e' carried by the elementl a3, so that when said sleeve h isturned, its forks will tend to carry the cross-pins with them and thetorsion to which saidpins are thus subjected will be transmitted to theresistance element. This rotation of sleeve k may be produced bytheaction of two symmetrical bell-crank levers j supported on a spindleor pin lc secured to shaft b. One arm of each bell-crank is disposed.vparallel to said shaft and is engaged with a projection on sleeve L,while the other arm is disposed perpendicular to the shaft and has alaterallybent terminal which extends into osition for engagement by theadjacent islz-like 'end of a controller sleeve Z which is mounted toslide onthe shaft. Hence, when said sleeve Z is moved toward theropeller.(to Ward the left in Fig. 4), its dis portion will pressagainst the bent terminals of the. lastnamed bell-crank arms and, inconsequence, will rock both=bellcranks counter-clockwise, whereby theirfirst-named arms will press against the projections on sleeve h and turnthe same, thus twisting the blades, as above s ex lained.

ment so as to vary the pitch of the blades.-

2. A propeller, embodying a yielding resistance element along which thepropeller sistance element with which the blades are connected; andmeans including a sleeve movably related to said element and anoperating device therefor, for exerting a variable torsional pressure uon said element so as to vary the pitch o the blades.

4. A propeller, embodying a yielding re- `sistance element with whichthe blades are connected; and means, including a sleeve slidably mountedon the propeller shaft, a device fory shifting said sleeve along saidshaft, and a movable device interposed between said sleeve and saidyielding element and engaged with the latter, for exerting a variabletorsional pressure thereupon dur-I` ing the shifting movement of saidsleeve so as to vary the pitch of the blades.

5. A propeller, embodying a yielding resistance velement with which theblades are connected; ins secured to said element at opposite si esofthe propeller shaft; and means movabl related to said shaft andengaged with sa1d pins for exerting a variable torsional pressure uponsaid element so as to vary the pitch ofthe blades.

6. A propeller, embod ing a yielding resistance element With w ich theblades are connected; pins secured to said element at opposite sides ofthe propeller shaft; a sleeve rotatably mounted on said shaft and havingdiametrically-opposite portions; and means for turning said sleeve so asto exert a variable torsional pressure upon said yielding element andthereby vary the pitch of the blades.

7. A propeller, embodying a yielding resistance element with which theblades are connected; pins secured to said element at opposite sides ofthe pro ellershaft; a sleeve rotatabl mounted on sald shaft and havingdiametrically-opposite pin-receiving portions and projections; leversmounted on said shaft and engageable with said projections to turn saidsleeve and' thereby exert a variable torsional pressure upon saidyielding element so as to vary the pitch of the blades; and a controllersleeve slidably lmounted upon said vshaft to operate said levers.

8. A propeller, embodying a yieldin resistance element comprisin twoVinter tted U-shaped members fastenetogether and to which the'blades areattached; and means for exerting a variable torsional pressure upon saidelement so as to vary the pitch of the-blades. v v

9. A ropeller, as claimed in claim 8, in which tlie central portions ofthe members pin-receiving V sor element and consisting of front and backplates attached to said ribs; a tube fitted 15 over said element;transversely-arranged circular ribs encircling said element and turneblewithin said tube; and a sleeve .on the propeller shaft fittin over saidtube.l

'In testimony whereof have signed this 20 specication in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

t EDOUARD PERRIN. Witnesses:

GEORGES PASCAL KARRIERE, Gem/:AINE MIoHmLs.

